What does antivirus software do?

A good antivirus program should keep your system free of malware without negatively impacting your system's performance. Antivirus software comes as a standalone program, but you can also purchase it as part of a comprehensive security suite. Security suites are more expensive, but they include a range of protections, including antivirus, anti-spyware and anti-spam programs, identity theft protection, firewalls and parental controls. If you opt for a standalone antivirus program that doesn't include these features, experts recommend supplementing it with other components, especially a firewall and anti-spyware software. Here's what the experts say to look for when choosing antivirus software:

  • A good detection rate is key. Several third-party companies test antivirus software for detection rates. Some of the most comprehensive testing comes from AV-Test.org, AV-Comparatives.org, Virus Bulletin and West Coast Labs. Some of the details can be overly technical, but a certification from one of these testing organizations is worth looking for.
  • Check the system requirements before you buy. If you are using Windows XP, Vista or Windows 7 (or Windows 8 when that operating system is released), any current antivirus software will work. If you have an older or slower computer, however, a large antivirus software program can consume a huge percentage of your computing power.
  • An intuitive interface makes software easy to use. Because antivirus software can be customized, it's important that the interface guides users through the various settings.
  • The ability to update daily is crucial. Virus signatures are specific strings of binary code that can be detected by antivirus software. Most programs will automatically check for updates on a daily or even an hourly basis. Some free software relies on a manual check.
  • Antivirus is a recurring expense. Most antivirus programs provide updates only for one year, so be prepared to pay annual renewal fees.
  • Don't expect free telephone support, especially with free software. Although some antivirus programs come with free telephone support, it is rare to find this feature with free software. Even online or chat support can be scarce for some programs.
  • With paid antivirus software, start with a free trial. AV-Comparatives.org recommends downloading a free trial of your chosen antivirus software to ensure you like how it works. Most companies offer at least a 30-day free trial. 

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