Recycling computers and protecting your data

Recycling consumer electronics can be a hassle, and computers offer an extra layer of complexity because they typically contain personal information (passwords, credit card numbers, Social Security numbers, etc.) that can be accessed by hackers once its out of your hands. Experts say, to avoid risk of identity theft or other fraud, you should run a program to wipe the computer's hard drive before throwing it out. (Note that, while tempting, smashing the casing of your computer or running a speaker magnet over the hard drive isn't guaranteed to erase your personal information.) Simply deleting files isn't enough - experts recommend looking into "scrubbing" software like Webroot's Window Washer or CyberScrub. Alternatively, you can simply remove the hard drive, stow it in a safe place and get rid of the rest of the computer.

This leads to another point. Even if your computer no longer works, some of its parts may remain functionional, meaning you can save, swap out, or sell various components, such as a webcam, keyboard, hard drive, memory module or mouse. By that same token, assuming it's not completely broken, even the most outmoded computer can likely be used by somebody, somewhere in the world. With that in mind, you might want to consider donating your old system to charity before relegating it to the local dump. (See our article about TV recycling for information about safely disposing of your old CRT or LCD computer monitor.) Most consumer electronics, while safe in the home, can slowly leak toxic chemicals as they begin to degrade, which is why its important to recycle when you can. We also have blog posts on recycling your old TV, cell phone and batteries.

Drop off your computer to be recycled

Dell, the largest U.S. manufacturer of computers, has a recycling program called Reconnect, a joint venture with Goodwill Industries. Consumers can drop off any brand of computer or peripheral at over 1,000 Goodwill locations nationwide. Some computers find their way to schools or individuals in need, some are taken apart for usable components and the rest are broken down and recycled safely. (Reconnect says it does not export waste to other countries.) The only downside is the lack of coverage; right now, Reconnect operates in only 20 or so states. Check ReconnectPartnership.org to see if it's available where you live.

Best Buy will also accept old electronics for recycling, regardless of brand, and their program is available all over the country. Rules vary by state, but generally they will accept up to three items per day per person. Best Buy requires that the hard drive be removed from computers - if you can't do it yourself, they will remove it for about $10. Check Best Buy's recycling site for details on your state.

Recycle (by mail) when you buy a new computer

If you're shopping for a new computer, some companies will recycle your old computer, no matter the brand. This includes Apple, Dell and HP, all of which will accept your old computer by mail. Dell's program is free whether you're recycling a Dell computer or another brand. HP's program is free only for HP and Compaq products, though if your old computer, printer or other peripheral is in working condition, you can take advantage of HP's BuyBack option and make a few bucks. If you're recycling a Mac, Apple will send you a prepaid Fedex label. For non-Apple products, you can purchase a prepaid mailing label ($30) and Apple will even send you shipping materials, if needed. Shopping for a new computer? Be sure to check out our reports on laptops and desktops as well as Apple computers.

Donate (or even sell)  your computer

eBay's ReThink Initiative offers information on selling and recycling old electronics, including computers. Craigslist is another good option. If you want to donate, you can check FreeCycle.org for nearby recycling drop-off spots, and TechSoup's Refurbished Computer Initiative (RCI) Program, which matches up donors and charities in need of equipment. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also has information on where to donate your old electronics.