All pedometers work basically the same way. They use a mechanical sensor that counts steps based on how your body moves, sensing the impact on the ground from a step. Traditional pedometers use a spring and lever arm to manually count each step, while accelerometer pedometers use a strain gauge. In tests, most traditional spring-levered pedometers are more accurate at faster paces. That's because when you're walking faster, the impact of your steps is more pronounced, and it's easier for the pedometer to sense the impact. For slow walkers, experts recommend accelerometer-based pedometers, which are better at sensing impact at slow paces.

Research also shows that accelerometer pedometers are a better bet for overweight adults than their spring-levered counterparts. Spring-levered pedometers must be clipped to the belt and positioned vertically to the ground, otherwise they won't get accurate readings. Overweight individuals will not be able to achieve a perfectly vertical position. Accelerometer pedometers have more placement options and do not need to be vertical, making them a good choice for overweight adults. One downside to the accelerometer pedometers is their battery consumption. The batteries in most spring-levered pedometers will last for several years before they need to be replaced, but most accelerometer pedometers will need a new set of batteries every six months.

While many pedometers only count steps, other models also calculate distance and calories burned. Unfortunately, these two features in general are not very accurate, even in the most expensive pedometers. Distance is calculated by simply multiplying the number of steps by the length of your stride, and pedometers typically calculate calories burned based on your weight. The problem is that pedometers don't know what type of physical activity you are engaged in, be it walking or running, going uphill or down. A few pedometers factor height, gender and age into the calculation, but this additional input makes programming the pedometer more difficult. Some popular pedometers have a maximum weight calculation of 300 pounds, so heavier users will not get an accurate reading. Ultimately, calculating calories burned has a large margin of error.

If you just want to know your step count, a basic, inexpensive pedometer may suit your needs. For serious walkers, some pedometers come with a USB connection that helps you track and analyze your progress on the computer. Finally, some walkers may appreciate a pedometer with a wrist monitor so you can easily keep tabs on your step count. These pedometers are more expensive, but they typically have more features. Regardless of what type of pedometer you choose, experts say to keep the following in mind:

  • Accuracy is the most important feature. Choose a model or brand that gets good marks for accuracy. If you have a waist size of more than 40 inches, or if you prefer to walk slowly, an accelerometer pedometer (like the top-rated Omron HJ-112 pedometer) is your best bet.
  • Look for an easy-to-read display. Ideally, the display area should be large, with oversized numbers that are easy to read. A backlit LCD makes the pedometer easier to read. You should be able to read the information without removing the pedometer.
  • A protective cover prevents accidental resetting of the device. The buttons to program the pedometers should be covered and protected, yet still be easy to access. Some pedometers have a flip-open cover to prevent accidental resets.
  • Don't expect accuracy with distance and calorie calculations. There are so many variables involved in measuring distance and calories that the data given usually isn't accurate.
  • Pedometers need batteries. Most come with internal batteries that need to be replaced from time to time. A few models have rechargeable batteries.

The pedometer can be worn all day or only when you are walking or running. The location of the pedometer should be on the body area that has the most movement -- usually the hip, a little below the waist. Spring-levered pedometers should be located in a place that allows it to be vertical, parallel to the ground and not tilted. Accelerometer pedometers have more placement options, but they typically are most accurate when worn at the hip or in a shirt pocket, rather than placed in a bag. For best results, wear the pedometer in the same place each time it is used.

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