Most two-way radios are FRS/GMRS radios. That's because the two services share some frequencies, and radios using one service can be used to contact radios using the other service. If an FRS/GMRS radio has been approved under FRS rules, you might not need an FCC license to use it, as long as you stick to the lower-powered FRS channels (8-14) and your radio is certified for this use by the FCC.

Here's what the experts say to look for when choosing a two-way radio:

  • Look for radios with at least 22 channels to optimize your chances of finding an uncrowded channel. Most radios now have both FRS and GMRS channels. Some use the 900 MHz band, the same as that used by some cordless telephones.
  • To minimize the chance of having your conversation interrupted by other radio users, some radios have privacy codes or subchannels. With these, you can only talk to someone on the same channel/subchannel combination. While this doesn't ensure complete privacy, it does make it a little harder for others to find you. The more privacy codes, the more combinations available.
  • Models with voice-activated transmission allow for hands-free usage. Many models now include headsets or a headset jack.
  • Channel scanning lets you scroll through channels to find traffic. This helps you avoid busy frequencies or find friends who are on the radio. Some radios have automatic scanning.
  • The scramble feature found on some radios offers more privacy than subchannel codes. A scrambler makes your conversation unintelligible to others listening in.
  • A low-battery alert is helpful. Depending on the model, some alerts are audible and some are visual.
  • Most FRS/GMRS radio antennas are rugged enough to withstand heavy use. Some fold down to make it easier to fit the radio into your pocket.
  • Most models are powered by AA or AAA alkaline batteries. Others use nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) rechargeable batteries. Some radios accept both types. A few radios use proprietary rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery packs.
  • An FCC license may be required. Most two-way radios are now hybrid FRS/GMRS models. Operation on the GMRS channels (1-7 and 15-22) always requires an FCC license. Depending on the model, operation on the FRS channels (8-14) may or may not require a license. If a license is needed (*Est. $85), it's easily obtained online and is good for five years. EXRS radios do not require a license.

A cell phone is the obvious alternative to a two-way radio. One downside is the cost of airtime, but many plans include free connections to other subscribers or unlimited minutes. In addition, Verizon and Sprint Nextel offer "push-to-talk" phones that can also be used as walkie- talkies. But cell phones are at a disadvantage in wilderness areas where there will be no reception or spotty reception. More information on cell phones and cell phone plans can be found in their separate ConsumerSearch reports.

Back to top